![]() Another study on older adults in 16 European countries reported that a higher level of education was associated with fewer sleep problems. In addition, although several studies reported that older adults suffer from more sleep problems, research also suggested that young adults are more vulnerable to chronic sleep deficiency and recurrent circadian disruption than older adults. For example, a meta-analysis of observational studies found that the prevalence of insomnia in females was significantly higher than that in males (OR = 1.58, P < 0.001). The common factors that have been correlated to sleep problems are sex, age, socioeconomic level, educational levels, occupation. In China, the pooled prevalence of sleep problems is reported to be 15–35.9%. Previous studies reported that the prevalence of sleep problems varies greatly across countries and regions ranging from around 30–58.4%. The potential negative effects reported from sleep problems include low energy and fatigue, a decline in physical health, reduced work and study efficiency, and an increase of negative outcomes in terms of the intentions and behaviors of suicide and self-harm. The high prevalence of sleep problems increasingly suggests sleep problems are an emerging global epidemic. These findings can be used to provide clinical suggestions for psychological interventions and measures targeting to reduce symptoms that exacerbate mental health. Moreover, there were significant differences between various sex, age and educational levels. In the anxiety and sleep problems network model, among outpatients living in high-altitude areas, nervousness, uncontrollable worry, and trouble relaxing were the most central symptoms and bridge symptoms. Additionally, there were significant differences in edge weights in the comparisons between sex, age and educational levels groups (P 0.05). The adjusted network model after controlling for covariates was significantly correlated with the original (r = 0.75, P = 0.46). Based on the results of network analysis, among participants, “Nervousness”, “Trouble relaxing”, “Uncontrollable worry” were the most critical central symptoms and bridge symptoms within the anxiety and sleep problems network structure. The difference of network structures in various sex, age, educational levels and employment groups were also explored. Central symptoms were identified based on centrality indices and bridge symptoms were identified with bridge indices. Anxiety and sleep problems were measured by the Chinese version of the seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) respectively. The data was collected from the Sleep Medicine Center of The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province from November 2017 to January 2021 with consecutive recruitment (N = 11,194). ![]() This study used network analysis to investigate the network structure symptoms of anxiety and sleep problems among outpatients in high-altitude areas, and to explore the differences in symptom associations in various sex, age, educational levels and employment groups. Network analysis is a novel method to investigate the interaction and the association between symptoms across diverse disorders. Avoid drinking alcohol at least four hours before you go to sleep.Anxiety and sleep problems are common comorbidities among outpatients living in high-altitude areas. Even if you find it easier to fall asleep after a few cocktails, many people wake up a few hours later when their body metabolizes the alcohol. As a rule, you should avoid drinking caffeine for six hours before you go to bed.Īlcohol can also affect your anxiety symptoms and sleep by throwing off your circadian rhythm. The second is the obvious one caffeine keeps you awake. First, too much caffeine can exacerbate feelings of anxiety. Caffeine relates to anxiety and sleep in two ways. I know this one can be a bit of a bummer, but what you eat and drink can affect your anxiety and how you sleep. The last thing you want to do is associate your bed with scrolling through social media or watching TV. Instead, get up and do something relaxing, like read a book or take a bubble bath. ![]() If you climb into bed and find that you're not falling asleep, don't stay in bed. Another mini tip within this tip: Don't lay in bed awake. ![]()
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